APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

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Expand view Topic review: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by neufer » Sat Sep 21, 2019 10:06 pm

Ann wrote: Sat Sep 21, 2019 7:09 pm
By the way, Art, thanks for pointing out that on the scale I used for my model of the inner Solar system, a mile would correspond to eight Astronomical Units! :D (A mile, by the way, is a dastardly difficult unit for Swedes, because we tend to think that "a mile" is the same thing as "a Scandinavian mile", which is 10 kilometers. Ouch!)
Old kid's joke: "smiles" must be the longest word since there is a mile between the first and last letters.
  • (Smiles, by the way, are dastardly difficult for most Swedes.)
On your ornery orrery: 1 AU = a "flirtkulong"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furlong wrote:
<<A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and U.S. customary units equal to one eighth of a mile. The name furlong derives from the Old English words furh (furrow) and lang (long). It originally referred to the length of the furrow in one acre of a ploughed open field. The furlong (meaning furrow length) was the distance a team of oxen could plough without resting. This was standardised to be exactly 40 rods or 10 chains. An acre is an area that is one furlong long and a chain wide.

The furlong was historically viewed as being equivalent to the Roman stade (stadium), which derived from the Greek system. The King James Bible uses the term "furlong" in place of the Greek stadion. In the Roman system, there were 625 feet to the stadium, eight stadia to the mile, and three miles to the league. A league was considered to be the distance a man could walk in one hour, and the mile consisted of 1,000 passus (paces, five feet, or double-step).>>
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=Ornery+ wrote:
ornery (adj.) 1816, American English dialectal contraction of ordinary (adj.). "Commonplace," hence "of poor quality, coarse, ugly." By c. 1860 the sense had evolved to "mean, cantankerous."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orrery wrote:
<<An orrery is a mechanical model of the Solar System that illustrates or predicts the relative positions and motions of the planets and moons, usually according to the heliocentric model. It may also represent the relative sizes of these bodies; but since accurate scaling is often not practical due to the actual large ratio differences, a subdued approximation may be used instead. Though first orrery that was a planetarium of the modern era was produced in 1704, and one was presented to Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery – hence the name. They are typically driven by a clockwork mechanism with a globe representing the Sun at the centre, and with a planet at the end of each of the arms.>>

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Ann » Sat Sep 21, 2019 7:09 pm

Astronomical Unit distances in the Solar system.
Source: https://upcosmos.com/au/
By the way, Art, thanks for pointing out that on the scale I used for my model of the inner Solar system, a mile would correspond to eight Astronomical Units! :D

The milestone in Malmö from 1676. Not sure how long a Scandinavian mile
was back then. Photo: Sven Rosborn.


















(A mile, by the way, is a dastardly difficult unit for Swedes, because we tend to think that "a mile" is the same thing as "a Scandinavian mile", which is 10 kilometers. Ouch!)

Ann

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Ann » Sat Sep 21, 2019 5:45 am

neufer wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 7:13 pm
Ann wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 6:43 pm
My Sun was a table cloth, two meters in diameter. My inner planets were cotton balls, 2 centimeters in diameter, except the Moon and Mercury, which were small yellow peas. I placed my Earth 200 meters from the Sun, and Mars 300 meters from the Sun. If I remember correctly, I placed the Moon 60 centimeters from the Earth.

Perfectly accurate? Heck no! Good enough? I thought so.
  • Oh when those cotton balls get rotten
    You can't pick you very much cotton
    In them old cotton fields back home

    It was down in Louisiana
    Just a mile [~8 AU] from Texarkana
    In them old cotton fields back home
These are the kind of cotton balls that I used for my model of the inner Solar system. In Swedish they are called "flirtkulor", literally "flirt balls", and the name is totally innocent in Swedish since we all know that these things are toys for kids, or they used to be toys for kids before kids started hanging out on Instagram and Snapchat all the time. At least in Sweden.

Anyway, "flirtkulor". The first time I tried to talk about in English about my model of the inner Solar system, and had to find a way to translate "flirtkulor" in a way that didn't sound totally outrageous in English, I settled on "cotton balls". After all, these little things are made of cotton.

Ann

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by neufer » Fri Sep 20, 2019 7:13 pm

Ann wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 6:43 pm
My Sun was a table cloth, two meters in diameter. My inner planets were cotton balls, 2 centimeters in diameter, except the Moon and Mercury, which were small yellow peas. I placed my Earth 200 meters from the Sun, and Mars 300 meters from the Sun. If I remember correctly, I placed the Moon 60 centimeters from the Earth.

Perfectly accurate? Heck no! Good enough? I thought so.
  • Oh when those cotton balls get rotten
    You can't pick you very much cotton
    In them old cotton fields back home

    It was down in Louisiana
    Just a mile [~8 AU] from Texarkana
    In them old cotton fields back home

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Ann » Fri Sep 20, 2019 6:43 pm

neufer wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:56 pm
Ann wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:17 pm
De58te wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 3:49 pm

Saturn is also an outer planet as well as Jupiter. But I beg to differ with Chris. I was taught that Mars is also an inner planet because it is a rocky planet. Outer planets were gaseous. With the exception of Pluto, at the time considered a planet, but then they said it is not known what Pluto is, it could be made out of ice not rocks.
Wow, the discussion of semantics here. :wink:

My own greatest mathematical achievement by far was when I built a model of what I decided was the inner Solar system. It consisted of the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth and Moon and Mars. I made a reasonable job of making the Sun and the planets moderately accurate in relative size, and I also managed to place them at moderately accurate distances from one another. (I was inordinately proud of myself.)
Ah...but was it "spread out" enough vs-a-vi the size of your Sun :?:
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=planet wrote:
<<planet (n.) late Old English planete, from Old French planete (Modern French planète), from Late Latin planeta, from Greek planetes, from (asteres) planetai "wandering (stars)," from planasthai "to wander," a word of uncertain etymology. Perhaps from a nasalized form of PIE root *pele- (2) "flat; to spread," on the notion of "spread out...but the semantics are highly problematic," according to Beekes, who notes the similarity of meaning to Greek plazein "to make devious, repel, dissuade from the right path, bewilder," but adds, "it is hard to think of a formal connection.">>
Ann wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:17 pm
Anyway, to me, "the inner Solar system" comprises the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth-Moon system and Mars.
I think we need a big debate on which planets are innies and which are outies.
https://www.wisegeek.com/why-do-some-people-have-innie-belly-buttons-while-others-have-outies.htm wrote:
<<Innie belly buttons are said to comprise 90% of the belly button population, with outies making up the remaining 10%. The exact reason for this innie/outie belly button discrepancy remains a medical mystery, although there are some interesting theories floating around the Internet.

The belly button, also called the navel, is actually the body's first scar. The umbilical cord, which supplied nutrients to the unborn baby, is routinely clamped off shortly after the placenta has been expelled. Two clamps are placed a few inches away from the baby's body, and the cord is severed between them. The remaining vestiges of the umbilical cord eventually wither and fall off, leaving a small scar we know as the belly button. For many people, the scar is concave, meaning it recedes into the body. For others, the remaining scar tissue protrudes slightly from the body.

One theory holds that the innie belly button is the norm, while an outie is the result of a genetic aberration. Needless to say, this theory of natural selection does not enjoy widespread popularity among the outie belly button set. There is no scientific evidence to suggest that an outie is genetically preordained, or that an innie is the default setting once the umbilical cord falls off.

While we're on the subject, there are a few factoids concerning the formation of belly button lint that I feel compelled to share. The most common color of belly button lint is blue, primarily due to the prevalence of blue fibers in modern clothing. Belly buttons also attract more lint from below than from above. It's likely that more personal belly button lint came from your underwear and pants than from your shirt. I don't know what to do with this information personally, but you never know what might show up on a game show some day.>>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omphaloskepsis wrote:
<<Omphaloskepsis or navel-gazing is contemplation of one's navel. The word derives from the Ancient Greek words ὀμφᾰλός (omphalós, lit. 'navel') and σκέψῐς (sképsis, lit. 'viewing, examination, speculation'). Actual use of the practice as an aid to contemplation of basic principles of the cosmos and human nature is found in the practice of yoga of Hinduism and sometimes in the Eastern Orthodox Church. In yoga, the navel is the site of the manipura (also called nabhi) chakra, which yogis consider "a powerful chakra of the body". The monks of Mount Athos, Greece, were described as Omphalopsychians by J.G. Minningen, writing in the 1830s, who says they "...pretended or fancied that they experienced celestial joys when gazing on their umbilical region, in converse with the Deity". However, phrases such as "contemplating one's navel" or "navel-gazing" are frequently used, usually in jocular fashion, to refer to self-absorbed pursuits>>

My Sun was a table cloth, two meters in diameter. My inner planets were cotton balls, 2 centimeters in diameter, except the Moon and Mercury, which were small yellow peas. I placed my Earth 200 meters from the Sun, and Mars 300 meters from the Sun. If I remember correctly, I placed the Moon 60 centimeters from the Earth.

Perfectly accurate? Heck no! Good enough? I thought so.

Ann

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by neufer » Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:56 pm

Ann wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:17 pm
De58te wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 3:49 pm
Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".
Saturn is also an outer planet as well as Jupiter. But I beg to differ with Chris. I was taught that Mars is also an inner planet because it is a rocky planet. Outer planets were gaseous. With the exception of Pluto, at the time considered a planet, but then they said it is not known what Pluto is, it could be made out of ice not rocks.
Wow, the discussion of semantics here. :wink:

My own greatest mathematical achievement by far was when I built a model of what I decided was the inner Solar system. It consisted of the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth and Moon and Mars. I made a reasonable job of making the Sun and the planets moderately accurate in relative size, and I also managed to place them at moderately accurate distances from one another. (I was inordinately proud of myself.)
Ah...but was it "spread out" enough vs-a-vi the size of your Sun :?:
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=planet wrote:
<<planet (n.) late Old English planete, from Old French planete (Modern French planète), from Late Latin planeta, from Greek planetes, from (asteres) planetai "wandering (stars)," from planasthai "to wander," a word of uncertain etymology. Perhaps from a nasalized form of PIE root *pele- (2) "flat; to spread," on the notion of "spread out...but the semantics are highly problematic," according to Beekes, who notes the similarity of meaning to Greek plazein "to make devious, repel, dissuade from the right path, bewilder," but adds, "it is hard to think of a formal connection.">>
Ann wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:17 pm
Anyway, to me, "the inner Solar system" comprises the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth-Moon system and Mars.
I think we need a big debate on which planets are innies and which are outies.
https://www.wisegeek.com/why-do-some-people-have-innie-belly-buttons-while-others-have-outies.htm wrote:
<<Innie belly buttons are said to comprise 90% of the belly button population, with outies making up the remaining 10%. The exact reason for this innie/outie belly button discrepancy remains a medical mystery, although there are some interesting theories floating around the Internet.

The belly button, also called the navel, is actually the body's first scar. The umbilical cord, which supplied nutrients to the unborn baby, is routinely clamped off shortly after the placenta has been expelled. Two clamps are placed a few inches away from the baby's body, and the cord is severed between them. The remaining vestiges of the umbilical cord eventually wither and fall off, leaving a small scar we know as the belly button. For many people, the scar is concave, meaning it recedes into the body. For others, the remaining scar tissue protrudes slightly from the body.

One theory holds that the innie belly button is the norm, while an outie is the result of a genetic aberration. Needless to say, this theory of natural selection does not enjoy widespread popularity among the outie belly button set. There is no scientific evidence to suggest that an outie is genetically preordained, or that an innie is the default setting once the umbilical cord falls off.

While we're on the subject, there are a few factoids concerning the formation of belly button lint that I feel compelled to share. The most common color of belly button lint is blue, primarily due to the prevalence of blue fibers in modern clothing. Belly buttons also attract more lint from below than from above. It's likely that more personal belly button lint came from your underwear and pants than from your shirt. I don't know what to do with this information personally, but you never know what might show up on a game show some day.>>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omphaloskepsis wrote:
<<Omphaloskepsis or navel-gazing is contemplation of one's navel. The word derives from the Ancient Greek words ὀμφᾰλός (omphalós, lit. 'navel') and σκέψῐς (sképsis, lit. 'viewing, examination, speculation'). Actual use of the practice as an aid to contemplation of basic principles of the cosmos and human nature is found in the practice of yoga of Hinduism and sometimes in the Eastern Orthodox Church. In yoga, the navel is the site of the manipura (also called nabhi) chakra, which yogis consider "a powerful chakra of the body". The monks of Mount Athos, Greece, were described as Omphalopsychians by J.G. Minningen, writing in the 1830s, who says they "...pretended or fancied that they experienced celestial joys when gazing on their umbilical region, in converse with the Deity". However, phrases such as "contemplating one's navel" or "navel-gazing" are frequently used, usually in jocular fashion, to refer to self-absorbed pursuits>>

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by neufer » Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:25 pm

Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:46 pm
DL MARTIN wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:43 pm
Outside of the Moon landing, I hold Cassini as the 'best bang for the buck' undertaking in inter-planetary exploration.
I'm not sure we got very much for our money by landing on the Moon.

Not much compared with Cassini. Or Voyager. Or the Mars landers. Or Rosetta. Or New Horizons.
And Cassini included its own moon lander... paid for by others:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini%E ... s#Overview

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Ann » Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:17 pm

De58te wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 3:49 pm
Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm
FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:13 am The write-up says, "this stunning view of Saturn's rings and night side just isn't possible from telescopes closer to the Sun than the outer planet." The outer planet is Neptune (or the unconfirmed Planet Nine), so the statement isn't correct. Not a big deal though.
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".
Saturn is also an outer planet as well as Jupiter. But I beg to differ with Chris. I was taught that Mars is also an inner planet because it is a rocky planet. Outer planets were gaseous. With the exception of Pluto, at the time considered a planet, but then they said it is not known what Pluto is, it could be made out of ice not rocks.
Wow, the discussion of semantics here. :wink:

My own greatest mathematical achievement by far was when I built a model of what I decided was the inner Solar system. It consisted of the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth and Moon and Mars. I made a reasonable job of making the Sun and the planets moderately accurate in relative size, and I also managed to place them at moderately accurate distances from one another. (I was inordinately proud of myself.)

Anyway, to me, "the inner Solar system" comprises the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Earth-Moon system and Mars.

Ann

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Chris Peterson » Fri Sep 20, 2019 4:26 pm

De58te wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 3:49 pm
Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm
FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:13 am The write-up says, "this stunning view of Saturn's rings and night side just isn't possible from telescopes closer to the Sun than the outer planet." The outer planet is Neptune (or the unconfirmed Planet Nine), so the statement isn't correct. Not a big deal though.
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".
Saturn is also an outer planet as well as Jupiter. But I beg to differ with Chris. I was taught that Mars is also an inner planet because it is a rocky planet. Outer planets were gaseous. With the exception of Pluto, at the time considered a planet, but then they said it is not known what Pluto is, it could be made out of ice not rocks. In addition even if you were an observer around Neptune, that view is not possible now. For one thing Saturn is not aligned to Neptune currently, or is the word conjunction, so Saturn would appear like a quarter phase now to Neptune. Checking up on fourmilab, what the planets positions are, Saturn would only appear like that to Neptune around the year 2024, when it comes between the Sun and Neptune. But then the Neptune observer would need a bigger telescope since Saturn is farther away from Neptune than Saturn is from Earth. As the crow flies Saturn is about 8.5 AU away from the Earth, yet Saturn is about 20 AU away from Neptune at closest approach. It would appear much smaller than what we see.
Again, context matters. When we consider how the Sun illuminates planets as seen from the Earth, it's common for the "superior planets" to be referred to as the "outer planets", which in that case includes Mars.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by geckzilla » Fri Sep 20, 2019 4:19 pm

Huh, I always thought the outer planets were the ones past the asteroid belt, and the inner planets were within it.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by De58te » Fri Sep 20, 2019 3:49 pm

Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm
FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:13 am The write-up says, "this stunning view of Saturn's rings and night side just isn't possible from telescopes closer to the Sun than the outer planet." The outer planet is Neptune (or the unconfirmed Planet Nine), so the statement isn't correct. Not a big deal though.
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".
Saturn is also an outer planet as well as Jupiter. But I beg to differ with Chris. I was taught that Mars is also an inner planet because it is a rocky planet. Outer planets were gaseous. With the exception of Pluto, at the time considered a planet, but then they said it is not known what Pluto is, it could be made out of ice not rocks. In addition even if you were an observer around Neptune, that view is not possible now. For one thing Saturn is not aligned to Neptune currently, or is the word conjunction, so Saturn would appear like a quarter phase now to Neptune. Checking up on fourmilab, what the planets positions are, Saturn would only appear like that to Neptune around the year 2024, when it comes between the Sun and Neptune. But then the Neptune observer would need a bigger telescope since Saturn is farther away from Neptune than Saturn is from Earth. As the crow flies Saturn is about 8.5 AU away from the Earth, yet Saturn is about 20 AU away from Neptune at closest approach. It would appear much smaller than what we see.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Tszabeau » Fri Sep 20, 2019 3:33 pm

I’m a little surprised/disappointed that I don’t see any lightning.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Chris Peterson » Fri Sep 20, 2019 2:53 pm

DL MARTIN wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 2:31 pm If Chris Peterson thinks any astronomical activity surpasses the Moon landing, then he fails to see the vicarious nature of his work.
Depends what you mean by "surpasses". I was talking about scientific return on investment.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by DL MARTIN » Fri Sep 20, 2019 2:31 pm

If Chris Peterson thinks any astronomical activity surpasses the Moon landing, then he fails to see the vicarious nature of his work.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Chris Peterson » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:57 pm

FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:52 pm
Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm
FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:13 am The write-up says, "this stunning view of Saturn's rings and night side just isn't possible from telescopes closer to the Sun than the outer planet." The outer planet is Neptune (or the unconfirmed Planet Nine), so the statement isn't correct. Not a big deal though.
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".
Indeed. But saying "the outer planet", narrows it to ONE.
I sure don't read it that way. In this case, "the" simply refers to "the" planet under discussion. Saturn. The caption could read "the pretty planet" or "the gas giant" or any number of other qualifiers, and the context makes it absolutely clear what is meant.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by FLPhotoCatcher » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:52 pm

Chris Peterson wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm
FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:13 am The write-up says, "this stunning view of Saturn's rings and night side just isn't possible from telescopes closer to the Sun than the outer planet." The outer planet is Neptune (or the unconfirmed Planet Nine), so the statement isn't correct. Not a big deal though.
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".
Indeed. But saying "the outer planet", narrows it to ONE.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Chris Peterson » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:46 pm

DL MARTIN wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:43 pm Outside of the Moon landing, I hold Cassini as the 'best bang for the buck' undertaking in inter-planetary exploration. Perfection in every way.
I'm not sure we got very much for our money by landing on the Moon. Not much compared with Cassini. Or Voyager. Or the Mars landers. Or Rosetta. Or New Horizons.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by DL MARTIN » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:43 pm

Outside of the Moon landing, I hold Cassini as the 'best bang for the buck' undertaking in inter-planetary exploration. Perfection in every way.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by neufer » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:29 pm

Click to play embedded YouTube video.
TheOtherBruce wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:12 pm
Tszabeau wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:02 pm
The “grand finale” link takes you to a very interesting link that states “Throughout the mission, Cassini has primarily relied upon its reaction wheels for fine adjustments to its orientation, especially during science observations.”
So... I’m left wondering what Cassini’s “reaction wheels” are.
They're like gyroscopes; the wheel spins one way, Cassini spins (much more slowly) the opposite way. I think the Hubble telescope uses them as well. One big advantage reaction wheels have over attitude thrusters is that they don't need fuel, only electricity from solar panels or an RTG.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by TheOtherBruce » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:12 pm

Tszabeau wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:02 pm The “grand finale” link takes you to a very interesting link that states “Throughout the mission, Cassini has primarily relied upon its reaction wheels for fine adjustments to its orientation, especially during science observations.”
So... I’m left wondering what Cassini’s “reaction wheels” are.
They're like gyroscopes; the wheel spins one way, Cassini spins (much more slowly) the opposite way. I think the Hubble telescope uses them as well. One big advantage reaction wheels have over attitude thrusters is that they don't need fuel, only electricity from solar panels or an RTG.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Chris Peterson » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:10 pm

Tszabeau wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:02 pm The “grand finale” link takes you to a very interesting link that states “Throughout the mission, Cassini has primarily relied upon its reaction wheels for fine adjustments to its orientation, especially during science observations.”
So... I’m left wondering what Cassini’s “reaction wheels” are.
Reaction wheels. Google is your friend.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Chris Peterson » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:09 pm

FLPhotoCatcher wrote: Fri Sep 20, 2019 5:13 am The write-up says, "this stunning view of Saturn's rings and night side just isn't possible from telescopes closer to the Sun than the outer planet." The outer planet is Neptune (or the unconfirmed Planet Nine), so the statement isn't correct. Not a big deal though.
All planets with orbits larger than Earth's are called "outer planets".

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by Tszabeau » Fri Sep 20, 2019 1:02 pm

The “grand finale” link takes you to a very interesting link that states “Throughout the mission, Cassini has primarily relied upon its reaction wheels for fine adjustments to its orientation, especially during science observations.”
So... I’m left wondering what Cassini’s “reaction wheels” are.

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by orin stepanek » Fri Sep 20, 2019 12:01 pm

8-) Beautiful pic; Makes a good wallpaper! :D

Re: APOD: Saturn at Night (2019 Sep 20)

by heehaw » Fri Sep 20, 2019 8:53 am

How I remember my first view of Saturn through my new SkyScope, so many decades ago! Shocked awe!

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