True? A True Image from False Kiva (APOD 29 Sep 2008)

Post a reply


This question is a means of preventing automated form submissions by spambots.
Smilies
:D :) :ssmile: :( :o :shock: :? 8-) :lol2: :x :P :oops: :cry: :evil: :roll: :wink: :!: :?: :idea: :arrow: :| :mrgreen:
View more smilies

BBCode is ON
[img] is ON
[url] is ON
Smilies are ON

Topic review
   

Expand view Topic review: True? A True Image from False Kiva (APOD 29 Sep 2008)

by emc » Wed Oct 01, 2008 7:38 pm

Thank you Wally Pacholka, It is very cool that you are taking the time to address us in the forum. It adds depth and is exciting to have your personal feedback.

I like the mood this APOD sets... for me it strikes several aesthetic layers kind of like your multi-layered methodology for creating the image.

by orin stepanek » Wed Oct 01, 2008 7:32 pm

Wally; I hope you submit photos to APOD for a long time to come. I think your work is great. :)
Orin

APOD statement - single exposure

by Wally Pacholka » Wed Oct 01, 2008 7:06 pm

Hi this is wally again, the photographer that started this mess.
When I submitted the photograph to APOD I did not mention anything about exposure. When they run a photo they do not check with the photogrpher if everything in their comments are correct or not. Generally these guys are dead on accurate. These guys know me (as they have published me 28x prior) and in every case prior I have always submitted single image one frame sky/landscape shots so in this case they assumed this is Wally so it has to be single exposure. Keep in mind, I submitted a horizontal pano photograph so I could show the whole cave, but that pano is made up of 4 side by side sky/landscape shots where each frame is a shot of the sky and landmark(cave) all in one single exposure. This is no composite of the sky being put it. It is a horizontal pano stich of the sky and cave at once.
Hope I didn't add more confusion. With modern cameras with high iso and short exposures the sky and landmarks can be shot in one single exposure. Here I simply added 4 such shots together to give the viewer the complete view.
Wally

by bystander » Wed Oct 01, 2008 2:51 pm

Thanks, Wally, for your explanation. I've often admired your photographs. Two of my favorite APODs, APOD: 2007 August 7 - Old Faithful Below a Yellowstone Sky and APOD: 2006 August 1 - The Milky Way over Utah, have been yours, and now I think I can add a third. Another photo of yours that I really liked, though there are so many to choose from, is from your TWAN collection, Angel Trail. Keep up the great work. I look forward to seeing more of your work in the future.

Thanks, Wally...

by walfy » Wed Oct 01, 2008 4:32 am

I was one of the skeptics that felt superimposing of the sky was going on. I stand corrected! The lack of haze in the sky was the main culprit, and the moon light explanation clears it up. Very amazing effect.

I don't think anyone was trying to tear down Wally's work, just natural skepticism, and sincere curiosity as to how the image was put together.

That being said, the APOD page with the image says that it is a "single exposure image." Wally has informed us it is composed of 4 images, with the same exposure. Is it correct for APOD to say that this image is a "single exposure image" when it is made of 4 images with the same exposure? So the "single" applies to "exposure" only, and not to "image"? So maybe it is a perfectly accurate statement! Forgive me for letting you in on my feeble thought processes. Maybe it should be written as a "single-exposure image," with the dash clarifying things a little. Looks like the terminology has to catch up, or it already has and I'm way behind.

Most people were probably just trying to understand, so as to try and copy Wally's awesome techniques, of which I greatly appreciate that he share.

by JohnD » Tue Sep 30, 2008 10:12 pm

Wally,
Thank you for the detailed technical description, which is way beyond my capability, and for the location details. I did suspect that your technology might have changed between 04 and 08. but coild not guess how.

I'll look forward to more of your pictures!

John

False Kiva name explained and Black Cloth (Shadow) explained

by Wally Pacholka » Tue Sep 30, 2008 10:03 pm

John,
In answer to your questions (below).
1. The False Kiva cave is so named because normally the Indian Kiva's were ceremonial places that had a room drilled out below the round rock circle, but in this case there is no room below and thus the name "False Kiva".
2. the Hale-Bopp photo with very noticable dard shadows behind the rocks is a "classic olden days" one frame single long exposure shot where the camera is tracked to follow the stars and the foreground, the rocks, in this case end up casting a shadow agaist the stars as the tracking device moves the camera in relation to the rocks and so the rocks get smeared or blurred against the stars. That's just how those older single image one exposure shots looked like. Of course there were the critics in those days that said they were two superimposed shots and that the person did just a lousey job at Photoshop to blend the two correctly because he left such a large shadow that anybody can see, when it fact they were real single image shots of that by gone era.
Anyone doing a seach on my images thru the years will see a progression from this older technique that showed shadows to now cristal clear star and foreground shots all in one exposure without such smears.
Check APOD Pacholka search or TWAN site or brightnightgallery.com
Wally



The one of which I wrote above was this:
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap040420.html
See what I meant about a back cloth?

But how about this one? Very recently on APOD.
No 'back cloth', a sharp horizon, yet no star trails.
The False Kiva pic is not the first in which he has acheived that.

John
PS Someone explain why "false" kiva, and what is a "kiva", please?

by iamlucky13 » Tue Sep 30, 2008 9:58 pm

Thanks for the detailed post Mr. Pacholka! It looks like the kind of place that's worth going back to those 4 times, despite the long drive.

I hope the skepticism of those less personally familiar with night sky photography doesn't deter you from continuing to share your excellent images. Keep up the good work.

For those continuing to doubt, I offer an image from my personal collection for comparison. This was taken in dry weather, moderate humidity, in a modestly lit rural area (see the light on the trees). Exposure was 58 seconds, F/3.5, ISO 800, with a 28mm equivalent focal length and normal jpeg settings (limits how much you can bump up the brightness in photoshop). As you can see, star trails are barely visible. The brightest portion of the Milky Way is hidden by the trees and my higher latitude.

By my math, Wally's settings yield 70% more light than mine. I find his image quite believable, especially with additional processing of the RAW file.

Image

As an aside, I looked for more information on False Kiva. As you could guess by looking at the picture, it could be extremely vulnerable to vandalism. As a result, it's exact location is not publicly disclosed in Canyonlands park literature.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_kiva

Wally Pacholka's reply to False Kiva APOD 9/29 discussion

by Wally Pacholka » Tue Sep 30, 2008 9:33 pm

I am simply an amateur astronomer that loves the night sky and has a passion for recording the night sky as it really is from interesting settings like national parks and landmarks that folk are familar with. I have been doing this now for 44 years and in that time not only have I learnt a few things but I have seen tremendous advances in technology that enable folk to take photographs of the stars as pin points in seconds rather than minutes like in the old days. My night sky/landscape photographs which are my trademark have traditionally always been single frame shots of both the night sky and landmarks in one single exposure. In the olden days like for comet hale-bopp, the longer time exposures with tracked camera to follow the stars would always leave a tell tail sign on the landscape rocks as they would blur if lit or they would cast a shadow against the background stars if you lit them momentarily like with a flash. Now a days, all is different. Anybody with a decent digital camera like canon 20D and 24mm lens with high iso like 1600 at f/1.6 can record deep detail in the Milky Way in just 20 seconds and 10 times more stars than the eye can see. So now it is an easy matter to capture stars frozen as points of light and the foreground in sharp focus with no movement even when focued on infiniti with the right lens. Folk that are saying there must be star trails or ground movement in a shot like the False Kiva shot are very accurate in their accessment for eguipment and technology that is several years old, but they are sadly lacking in what can be done today with some of the more basic DSLR cameras cameras that are available at the local costco store.
How False Kiva was taken:
Been to False Kiva (1200 mile plus round trip) 4 previous times, all photographic failures, hiked the 2 mile trail with last part down a very steep canyon wall trail, hiked out in dark and got lost each and every time. It's dark out there.
Canon 5D, iso 1600 Raw, f/2.5, 25 second exposue with camera on a stationary tripod (no tracking). The cave is huge, so the 24 mm lens required me to take 4 separate (camera veritical) shots shooting one shot at 25 seconds and then moving the camera horizontally for the next shot and so on until I got the entire cave. Each shot was a sky/landscape shot and I had a professional lab sticth the photos together with a panoramic blending software to make it one continous horizontal shot as I am a photoshop moron.
The lighting was from 4 sources (which I learnt from my 4 previous failed attempts - after all one can drive 1200 miles to take a single shot only so many times). The stars/Milky Way of course provided their own light for the sky, the trip was planned for a small cresent moon to be setting in the west to light up the left and center canyon walls, and a large flashlight was positioned out side the cave on the left to bounce light off a flat rock to hit the right canyon wall with some faint light. Inside the cave, I used a series of flashlights and or strokes to bounce light off the far left/right walls to evenly light the cave (there was no direct lighting).
There was absolutely no superimposing of any portion in this image or any other image I have ever done. To me that's important as my whole purpose is to show folk what the sky really is like from different landmarks in this great country of ours. As for the questioning about why no haze is seen next to the horizon in the sky yet is seem in the far canyon hills then my guess would be that those saying such are thinking of a day shot. This is a night shot - everything is dark. It rained that day heavily so there was no haze. It is the cresent moon that is lighitng up the close canyon walls and they are sharp, but the farther you go down you run into moonshadow that is not haze but simply darkness where the camera can not record detail so it looks like haze. The same for the far canyon walls look like they are covered with haze, but it is just because they are so far, the slight moonlight does not bounce back enought light from those far canyons for the camera to see any detail (you folk are calling that haze), yet the stars which have their own light of course show thru the haze which is not there (but only in folks minds) and hits the camera sensors full on.
I have been around long enough to know that no matter what explaination I give as to how real a photograph I took is, there are always the arm chair folk that would rather critizise others than do anything themselves. If you don't believe what I say (everything here is testable) and then believe the great body of work I have done over the years that is clearly recognized by experts in the field of astronomy/photography. This is my 29th APOD. Those folk are not dummies. I might be able to fool the APOD folk one time, but 29 times????
How about TIME-LIFE photo editors. They picked my Hale-Bopp pic as Pic of year in 1997 - out of millions submitted. They also picked my Mars Closest encounter in 50,000 years as Pic of year in 2003 for both LIFE magazine and a different image for TIME magazine, again out of millions submitted. My night sky work sells in over 30 national parks, where each park goes thru an intrepretive review process to determine that the photos are genuine - none have been turned down. NASA still has my Hale-Bopp shot on their front Hale-Bopp web page, etc....
For those of you who can, just enjoy the photograph and for others that can't do that then simply take one that we all can enjoy.
We live in a great country with so much to see and photograph.
There is much that is untouched waiting for us to capture.
May you enjoy the process.
All the best.
Wally
An amateur astronomer - my greatest honor

by bystander » Tue Sep 30, 2008 9:12 pm

soupphysics, you are hopeless. Believe me, I read everybodies lame excuses why WP must be faking, lying, or whatever. What's clear to you is obvious garbage to me. I only found two explanations that seemed plausible to me, (they weren't included above).
Chris Peterson wrote:Aesthetically, I find this image quite ugly. And part of the reason, I expect, is because of the overprocessing required to make it possible.

A Milky Way exposure like this doesn't require very long- just a couple of minutes will do it. That's short enough that star trailing may not be apparent at the image scales seen here. Or, the camera may have been on a tracking platform, and a light source used to expose the foreground.

The sky has been contrast stretched during post processing to the point that the colors are distorted, and a huge amount of noise is evident. Very unnatural in my opinion.
iamlucky13 wrote:I think the lack of star trails is primarily due to the scale. They simply aren't visible in the relatively small image, and overflow of light onto adjacent pixels may also help hide them.

Also, the image looks fairly noisy, so I'm guessing it was taken at around ISO 1600, or perhaps even 3200 if he was using one of the latest generation of SLR's. When I do sky shots, I usually go for ISO 800 to keep the noise under control on my camera and exposures between 30 seconds and 2 minutes. At 2 minutes, star trails are clearly visible at 100% zoom, but you have to look fairly close to see them at typical viewing sizes. I haven't personally gotten nearly as much brightness and detail in the Milky Way as he got here, but I could definitely believe it at ISO 3200 and 60-120 seconds.

Chris, I agree the brightness curves are stretched too far, making primarily the mid-range objects looks slightly unnatural, but the initial impression is stunning.
While Chris didn't find the work aesthetically pleasing, at least he didn't claim it was faked or unreal. Most of the photo's you find posted on APOD have some amount of post-processing. That doesn't make them fake or unreal. I find it very hard to believe that someone with eleven years of acceptance at TWAN and APOD would need to mislead the public about his photographs.

by soupphysics » Tue Sep 30, 2008 8:30 pm

bystander wrote:
soupphysics wrote:If you people took the time and actually read what people wrote, you would see that it's clear that people did indeed read the artists comment, and that it just doesn't explain anything that makes it plausible.
robvs wrote:I don't see how this image by Wally Pacholka can be a single, unedited exposure.
walfy wrote:I would be very shocked if this was indeed one exposure, but would not bet on it!
soupphysics wrote:I doubt that it is real!
bjnicholls wrote:I don't mind seeing composite images that are identified as such, but this image doesn't ring true to its description on APOD.
rubbertramp wrote:I also think it is fake.
Wally Pacholka wrote:... During the exposure for this image the crescent Moon lit up the canyons and I artificially lit the inside of the cave. If the photo looks unreal, believe me that place looks like the most unreal scene time wrapped place I have ever been to. ...
I read what other people wrote! Of course, someone with 49 entries in TWAN and 29 in APOD over 11 years is, almost certainly, not telling the truth. Mr. Pacholka is a very impressive photographer. I wish I had the time, resources, and talent to take such imaginative pictures.
You only just proved my point. You don't read what people write.

Try to read more than the first line of the posts, before you think that you know anything about what they are saying.

It's clear that people did indeed read the artists comment, and that it just doesn't explain anything that makes it plausible.

by bystander » Tue Sep 30, 2008 6:41 pm

soupphysics wrote:If you people took the time and actually read what people wrote, you would see that it's clear that people did indeed read the artists comment, and that it just doesn't explain anything that makes it plausible.
robvs wrote:I don't see how this image by Wally Pacholka can be a single, unedited exposure.
walfy wrote:I would be very shocked if this was indeed one exposure, but would not bet on it!
soupphysics wrote:I doubt that it is real!
bjnicholls wrote:I don't mind seeing composite images that are identified as such, but this image doesn't ring true to its description on APOD.
rubbertramp wrote:I also think it is fake.
Wally Pacholka wrote:... During the exposure for this image the crescent Moon lit up the canyons and I artificially lit the inside of the cave. If the photo looks unreal, believe me that place looks like the most unreal scene time wrapped place I have ever been to. ...
I read what other people wrote! Of course, someone with 49 entries in TWAN and 29 in APOD over 11 years is, almost certainly, not telling the truth. Mr. Pacholka is a very impressive photographer. I wish I had the time, resources, and talent to take such imaginative pictures.

by soupphysics » Tue Sep 30, 2008 6:20 pm

bystander wrote:If others would take as much time to look at the artists' comments and other works as they do thinking up ways the photo couldn't possibly be real, they might not have to eat crow.
If you people took the time and actually read what people wrote, you would see that it's clear that people did indeed read the artists comment, and that it just doesn't explain anything that makes it plausible.

by bystander » Tue Sep 30, 2008 6:19 pm

JohnD wrote:Someone explain why "false" kiva, and what is a "kiva", please?
A kiva is an underground room used by Pueblo Indians for religious or ceremonial reasons. Although most kivas of Modern Pueblo Indians (Hopi, et al) are square, those of Ancient Pueblo Peoples were round. The False Kiva is so called because of the uncertainty of the origin and purpose of the circle of stones seen in the picture.

by JohnD » Tue Sep 30, 2008 5:05 pm

bystander,
Thanks for posting that list of WP pics on APOD. I didn't know you could search the archive like that!

The one of which I wrote above was this:
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap040420.html
See what I meant about a back cloth?

But how about this one? Very recently on APOD.
No 'back cloth', a sharp horizon, yet no star trails.
The False Kiva pic is not the first in which he has acheived that.

John
PS Someone explain why "false" kiva, and what is a "kiva", please?

by bystander » Tue Sep 30, 2008 3:23 pm

Moonshadow wrote:Love the "photo". Whatever the technique, the perspective is real.
orin stepanek wrote:I like the photo as is. Real or not I think it is great art.
I agree, it is great art, and it is real.
JohnD wrote:There's a lot of firing here without thought or research. ...

Here is a master photographer at work. ...

I doubt if many could emulate it. ...
If others would take as much time to look at the artists' comments and other works as they do thinking up ways the photo couldn't possibly be real, they might not have to eat crow.

As I've said before, this may not be great astrophotography, but it is great art. The composition and framing of the photo is perfect. Hopefully WP will respond and explain his methods, but the picture speaks for itself. See more of his work on The World at Night and Astronomy Picture of the Day:

http://www.twanight.org/newTWAN/galleri ... lka&page=1
http://apod.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/apod/apod_search?Pacholka

by emc » Tue Sep 30, 2008 3:11 pm

Image

I especially like the image of a mountain lion lurking in the back of the cave trying to decide if it’s hungry enough to eat a photographer... Probably not because of the film it would leave in its mouth. :wink:

by orin stepanek » Tue Sep 30, 2008 12:48 pm

I like the photo as is. Real or not I think it is great art. Anyway; I saved it in a file and will use it as background from time to time.
Orin

by JohnD » Tue Sep 30, 2008 8:11 am

There's a lot of firing here without thought or research.
A mere click away from that APOD is this: http://www.twanight.org/newTWAN/photos.asp?ID=3001638
including a quote from Pacholka, "During the exposure for this image the crescent Moon lit up the canyons and I artificially lit the inside of the cave. If the photo looks unreal, believe me that place looks like the most unreal scene time wrapped place I have ever been to."

The pics on his own site http://www.astropics.com/default.asp are in low res., to deter copyists I presume, so view some of his work, on APOD: http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap071225.html
and on TWAN:
http://www.twanight.org/newTWAN/photos.asp?ID=3001628
Here is a master photographer at work.

I'm content to hope that WP will tell us how it was done, at least in outline.
I doubt if many could emulate it.
John

PS OOps", Sorry, my first link already used by bystander. never mind, I've added the WP quote.

by Moonshadow » Tue Sep 30, 2008 7:54 am

Love the "photo". Whatever the technique, the perspective is real. I wonder if some being with eyes the size of the giant squid's would see a similar view. ??

Very cool. My nomination for APOD of the year.

by rubbertramp » Tue Sep 30, 2008 12:55 am

I also think it is fake. On extremely rare nights, I've been able to photograph the milky way on my 5D using ISO 1600, f2.8, and 30 sec exposures with a fisheye, and push the contrast around in photoshop to avoid startrails. It is possible to avoid startrails at that speed and focal length. But this is clearly not one image, because I can't see how that exposure time could've been matched, and this is an approximate 17mm view from in the alcove.

I also have a hard time believing you could image the milky way when there is that much moonlight out... Plus, it just looks really bizarre, the transitions between the sky and foreground look horrible. And, he said he used a flashlight to light the interior of the cave. A light as small as a flashlight would cast very distinct shadow edges. Only a big light source can cast very smooth shadow edges. I can't see how that alcove was lit by a flashlight. The light in the cave, according to the shadows, appears to be coming from outside the cave. Where exactly was his flashlight? Looks more like it is coming from the sky.

Candlestick butte is at least a few miles away from this alcove, and you can tell that it gets progressively more hazy the closer to the horizon, yet the sky is crisp all the way through.

Also, if you've ever been to false kiva, you know that you shouldn't step into the back of the alcove, because it is a cultural resource. He is clearly standing inside the part of the cave that still has structures in it, where there are signs that say not to enter. (this may have changed?) Note the rocks on the right that appear to make a wall, which he is clearly behind. You can stand between the two structures, but standing between the wall of the cave and the rock wall is frowned on, as is stepping inside the false kiva. Kind of disappointing to see this, though it is tempting to photographers because it is the only way to include the top of the alcove without a super wide angle lens or stitching multiple images.

Seems to me like he has told a tall tale. At the very least, if it is one single image, he has done some very poor processing to the image to enhance the contrast in the sky, perhaps accounting for the bizarre transitions between the sky and the ground.

Not a credible single exposure

by bjnicholls » Mon Sep 29, 2008 10:49 pm

I see a fringe edge around the opening of the cave that looks like a compositing artifact.

The story of painting the cave with a flashlight seems implausible. Look at the shadows of the stone ring and the rocks. They show a light source in front of the cave with shadows facing the photographer. You can't paint light from in front of the camera without seeing the flashlight in the exposure. The amount of color in the cliffs and landscape is suspicious - starlight tends to produce more monochromatic landscape images. And I don't see how the bright Milky Way sky could be taken from a static tripod location without producing star trails. The view is south, so the apparent motion of the star trails would be fast at the lattitude of Canyonlands N.P.

I don't mind seeing composite images that are identified as such, but this image doesn't ring true to its description on APOD.

Folks who photograph the stars need to explain to us how you get such a colorful Milky Way image without filtration that would throw off the landscape's colors. And I think the observation that the sky doesn't grade near the horizon is the strongest evidence for a composite. I live near the Canyon Country and even on a clear day there's haze near the horizon.

by soupphysics » Mon Sep 29, 2008 9:18 pm

I doubt that it is real!

I understand how the dark cave could avoid having trails, by being briefly lit during the long exposure. However, 5 things about this picture make me suspicious.

1 - I am sure the cave would have been lit enough from moon and starlight, that it would have shown without any flashlight, and therefore had trails.

2 - How about the landscape? The landscare was surely not lit by a flashlight, so it should have trails.

3 - As mentioned, the stars should show through it, at the edges.

4 - The edges of the cave and landscape looks like they have been cut out in a photo editing program. They are too sharp and have white edges. Not only does it look photoshoped, it looks like a bad job at that too.

5 - If you manage to take such a stunning looking photo, then why post it in such a low resolution? Seems to me it was too much work to photoshop it in full resolution!

On the other hand - strange looking edges and other effects can happen exactly from the long exposure, and someone with some camera skills (like the photographer of this I guess) might be able to set all the camera settings just right to get a picture looking just like this. :) Still, it does not look real and I am very suspicious.

by bystander » Mon Sep 29, 2008 9:09 pm

JohnD wrote:Hang on, hang on.

I didn't start this to challenge Wally Pacholka as a fake. He is a phenomemal photographer, as well as a photographer of phenomena...

... His explanation worked for me, so maybe he'll explain how this one was done...
I agree. I really like his work. I've sent him an e-mail with a link to this discussion, requesting a comment.

by JohnD » Mon Sep 29, 2008 8:38 pm

Hang on, hang on.

I didn't start this to challenge Wally Pacholka as a fake. He is a phenomemal photographer, as well as a photographer of phenomena. I previously expressed severe doubt about the authenticity of some of his pics, for example this of Hale-Bopp: http://www.astropics.com/halbp30a.jpg from his own website. The mesas seem to cast shadows on the heavens, as if the sky was a back-drop!

Wally emailed me to explain, that the 'shadow' is due to the camera moving to still the stars, with the picture of the actual mesas superimposed by flash. His explanation worked for me, so maybe he'll explain how this one was done. That pic is subtitled "Taken 4/06/97 at 9 PM with 135mm lens at f2.4 mounted "piggyback" on 2.4 inch Tasco telescope used to track the comet during this 5 minute exposure on Kodak 400 Pro film."

John

Top