New Black Hole Image Reveals Magnetic Fields

[Mercury]

by Maria Temming

Event Horizon Telescope data show the orientation of light emitted near M87’s black hole.

Link: Science News

[neufer]

Click to play embedded YouTube video.

[bystander]

Astronomers Image Magnetic Fields at the Edge of M87’s Black Hole
EHT | ALMA | ESO | NSF | IRAM | MPIfR | CfA | 2021 Mar 24

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The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration, who produced the first ever image of a black hole, has revealed today a new view of the massive object at the centre of the M87 galaxy: how it looks in polarised light. This is the first time astronomers have been able to measure polarisation, a signature of magnetic fields, this close to the edge of a black hole. The observations are key to explaining how the M87 galaxy, located 55 million light-years away, is able to launch energetic jets from its core. ...

On 10 April 2019, scientists released the first ever image of a black hole, revealing a bright ring-like structure with a dark central region — the black hole’s shadow. Since then, the EHT collaboration has delved deeper into the data on the supermassive object at the heart of the M87 galaxy collected in 2017. They have discovered that a significant fraction of the light around the M87 black hole is polarised. ...

Light becomes polarised when it goes through certain filters, like the lenses of polarised sunglasses, or when it is emitted in hot regions of space that are magnetised. In the same way polarised sunglasses help us see better by reducing reflections and glare from bright surfaces, astronomers can sharpen their vision of the region around the black hole by looking at how the light originating from there is polarised. Specifically, polarisation allows astronomers to map the magnetic field lines present at the inner edge of the black hole. ...

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results.
VII. Polarization of the Ring ~ EHT Collaboration et al

• Astrophysical Journal Letters 910(1):L12 (2021 Mar 20) DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abe71d

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results.
VIII. Magnetic Field Structure Near the Event Horizon ~ EHT Collaboration et al

• Astrophysical Journal Letters 910(1):L13 (2021 Mar 20) DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abe4de

Polarimetric Properties of Event Horizon Telescope Targets from ALMA ~ Ciriaco Goddi et al

• Astrophysical Journal Letters 910(1):L13 (2021 Mar 20) DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abee6a

viewtopic.php?t=39338

[Forrest White]

Such strong magnetic fields can actually repel some of the material spirally directed towards the black hole, helping it resist gravity.

[bystander]

M87: Telescopes Unite in Unprecedented
Observations of Famous Black Hole
NASA | SAO | Chandra X-ray Observatory | 2021 Apr 14

Credits: EHT Multi-wavelength Science Working Group; EHT Collaboration; ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO); EVN; EAVN Collaboration; VLBA (NRAO); GMVA; Hubble Space Telescope; Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory; Chandra X-ray Observatory; Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array; Fermi-LAT Collaboration; H.E.S.S collaboration; MAGIC collaboration; VERITAS collaboration; NASA and ESA

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In April 2019, scientists released the first image of a black hole in the galaxy M87 using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). This supermassive black hole weighs 6.5 billion times the mass of the sun and is located at the center of M87, about 55 million light-years from Earth.

The supermassive black hole is powering jets of particles that travel at almost the speed of light, as described in our latest press release. These jets produce light spanning the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to visible light to gamma rays.

To gain crucial insight into the black hole's properties and help interpret the EHT image, scientists coordinated observations with 19 of the world's most powerful telescopes on the ground and in space, collecting light from across the spectrum. This is the largest simultaneous observing campaign ever undertaken on a supermassive black hole with jets. ...

The data were collected by a team of 760 scientists and engineers from nearly 200 institutions, 32 countries or regions, using observatories funded by agencies and institutions around the globe. The observations were concentrated from the end of March to the middle of April 2017. ...

Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during
the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign ~ EHT MWL Science Working Group et al

• Astrophysical Journal Letters 911(1):L11 (2021 Apr 10) DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abef71
• arXiv.org > astro-ph > arXiv:2104.06855 > 14 Apr 2021